| 1. |
Loh MM, et al. (2007).
|
|
In this study we compared cancer risks from organic hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) based on total personal exposure summed across different microenvironments and exposure pathways. |
|
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1,3-dichloro-1-propene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Acetaldehyde
| anthracene
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chloroform
| chrysene
| Dioxins
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| fluoranthene
| Formaldehyde
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| Methylene Chloride
| naphthalene
| phenanthrene
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| pyrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
|
Study subjects |
United States |
|
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1,3-dichloro-1-propene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Acetaldehyde
| anthracene
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chloroform
| chrysene
| Dioxins
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| fluoranthene
| Formaldehyde
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| Methylene Chloride
| naphthalene
| phenanthrene
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| pyrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
|
Details
|
Neoplasms
|
| 2. |
Aquilina NJ, et al. (2010).
|
Measurement and Modelling of Air Toxic Concentrations for Health Effect Studies Project (MATCH) |
The objective of this study was to analyse environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites in urine samples of non-occupationally exposed non-smoker adult subjects and to establish relationships between airborne exposures and urinary concentrations in order to assess the suitability of the studied metabolites as biomarkers of PAH and ETS, study the use of 3-ethenypyridine as ETS tracer, and link ETS scenarios with exposures to carcinogenic PAH and volatile organic compounds. |
tobacco |
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1-hydroxyphenanthrene
| 1-hydroxypyrene
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| 2-naphthol
| 3-vinylpyridine
| acenaphthene
| acenaphthylene
| anthracene
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| benzo(k)fluoranthene
| chrysene
| coronene
| fluoranthene
| fluorene
| hydroxycotinine
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| naphthalene
| Nicotine
| phenanthrene
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| pyrene
|
Study subjects |
United Kingdom |
urine |
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1-hydroxyphenanthrene
| 1-hydroxypyrene
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| 2-naphthol
| 3-vinylpyridine
| acenaphthene
| acenaphthylene
| anthracene
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| benzo(k)fluoranthene
| chrysene
| coronene
| fluoranthene
| fluorene
| hydroxycotinine
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| naphthalene
| Nicotine
| phenanthrene
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| pyrene
|
Details
|
|
| 3. |
Turyk ME, et al. (2007).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
In the adult participants of NHANES from 1999 to 2002, total thyroxine was negatively associated with serum dioxin-like toxic equivalents in a dose-dependent fashion, with stronger associations in women than men. |
age | sex |
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran
| 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran
| 2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| Benzofurans
| dibenzodioxin
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| PCB 180
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Study subjects |
United States |
serum |
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran
| 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran
| 2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| Benzofurans
| dibenzodioxin
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| PCB 180
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Thyrotropin
| Thyroxine
|
Details
|
thyroid hormone metabolic process
|
| 4. |
Dodson RE, et al. (2015).
|
California Household Exposure Study (CAHES) |
We collected house dust and indoor air samples in 49 California homes and analyzed for 76 semivolatile organic compounds-phthalates, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticides. |
|
1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1-methylphenanthrene
| 1-nitropyrene
| 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2-methylphenanthrene
| 2-phenylphenol
| 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene
| 4-nitrotoluene
| acenaphthene
| acenaphthylene
| alachlor
| Aldrin
| anthracene
| Atrazine
| bendiocarb
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| benzo(j)fluoranthene
| benzo(k)fluoranthene
| benzothiophene
| butylbenzyl phthalate
| Carbaryl
| Carbofuran
| Chlordan
| Chlorpyrifos
| chrysene
| cyanazine
| cypermethrin
| DDT
| Diazinon
| dibenzo(a,e)pyrene
| dibenzothiophene
| Dibutyl Phthalate
| Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Dicofol
| dicyclohexyl phthalate
| Dieldrin
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| diethyl phthalate
| diisobutyl phthalate
| di-n-hexyl phthalate
| di-n-octyl phthalate
| di-n-pentyl phthalate
| di-n-propylphthalate
| dioctyl adipate
| Endrin
| fluoranthene
| fluorene
| Heptachlor
| Hexachlorocyclohexane
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| Malathion
| Methoxychlor
| Methyl Parathion
| metolachlor
| nitrofen
| Parathion
| pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100
| Permethrin
| phenanthrene
| Phenanthrenes
| Piperonyl Butoxide
| prometone
| Propoxur
| pyrene
| Simazine
| tetrachloroisophthalonitrile
| Trifluralin
| tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate
|
|
United States |
dust |
1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1-methylphenanthrene
| 1-nitropyrene
| 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2-methylphenanthrene
| 2-phenylphenol
| 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene
| 4-nitrotoluene
| acenaphthene
| acenaphthylene
| alachlor
| Aldrin
| anthracene
| Atrazine
| bendiocarb
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| benzo(j)fluoranthene
| benzo(k)fluoranthene
| benzothiophene
| butylbenzyl phthalate
| Carbaryl
| Carbofuran
| Chlordan
| Chlorpyrifos
| chrysene
| cyanazine
| cypermethrin
| DDT
| Diazinon
| dibenzo(a,e)pyrene
| dibenzothiophene
| Dibutyl Phthalate
| Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Dicofol
| dicyclohexyl phthalate
| Dieldrin
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| diethyl phthalate
| diisobutyl phthalate
| di-n-hexyl phthalate
| di-n-octyl phthalate
| di-n-pentyl phthalate
| di-n-propylphthalate
| dioctyl adipate
| Endrin
| fluoranthene
| fluorene
| Heptachlor
| Hexachlorocyclohexane
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| Malathion
| Methoxychlor
| Methyl Parathion
| metolachlor
| nitrofen
| Parathion
| pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100
| Permethrin
| phenanthrene
| Phenanthrenes
| Piperonyl Butoxide
| prometone
| Propoxur
| pyrene
| Simazine
| tetrachloroisophthalonitrile
| Trifluralin
| tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate
|
Details
|
|
| 5. |
Goniewicz ML, et al. (2018).
|
Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study |
These findings provide evidence that using combusted tobacco cigarettes alone or in combination with e-cigarettes is associated with higher concentrations of potentially harmful tobacco constituents in comparison with using e-cigarettes alone. |
tobacco |
1,3-butadiene
| 1-hydroxyphenanthrene
| 1-hydroxypyrene
| 1-naphthol
| 2-butenal
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| 2-naphthol
| 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol
| Acrolein
| Acrylamide
| Acrylonitrile
| Anabasine
| anatabine
| Arsenic
| Benzene
| Beryllium
| Cadmium
| Carbon Disulfide
| Cobalt
| Cotinine
| cotinine-N-oxide
| Dimethylformamide
| ethylbenzene
| Ethylene Oxide
| Fluorenes
| hydroxycotinine
| Isocyanates
| isoprene
| Lead
| mandelic acid
| Manganese
| nicotine 1-N-oxide
| Nicotine
| N'-nitrosoanabasine
| N'-nitrosoanatabine
| N'-nitrosonornicotine
| norcotinine
| nornicotine
| Phenanthrenes
| propylene oxide
| Strontium
| Styrene
| Thallium
| Toluene
| Uranium
| Vinyl Chloride
| Xylenes
|
Study subjects |
United States |
urine |
1,3-butadiene
| 1-hydroxyphenanthrene
| 1-hydroxypyrene
| 1-naphthol
| 2-butenal
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| 2-methylhippuric acid
| 2-naphthol
| 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol
| Acrolein
| Acrylamide
| Acrylonitrile
| Anabasine
| anatabine
| Arsenic
| Benzene
| Beryllium
| Cadmium
| Carbon Disulfide
| Cobalt
| Cotinine
| cotinine-N-oxide
| Dimethylformamide
| Fluorenes
| Hippurates
| hydroxycotinine
| isoprene
| Lead
| mandelic acid
| Manganese
| N-acetyl-S-(2-carbamoyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine
| N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)cysteine
| N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxyethyl)cysteine
| nicotine 1-N-oxide
| Nicotine
| N'-nitrosoanabasine
| N'-nitrosoanatabine
| N'-nitrosonornicotine
| norcotinine
| nornicotine
| Phenanthrenes
| phenylglyoxylic acid
| propylene oxide
| S-(3-hydroxypropyl)cysteine N-acetate
| S-benzyl-N-acetyl-L-cysteine
| Strontium
| Thallium
| Uranium
|
Details
|
|
| 6. |
Shahab L, et al. (2017).
|
|
This study assessed whether long-term e-cigarette (EC)-only, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)-only, dual cigarette-EC or dual cigarette-NRT use is associated with differences in metabolites of a) nicotine; b) tobacco-specific nitrosaminess and c) volatile organic compounds (VOC) compared with cigarette-only smokers. |
tobacco |
1,3-butadiene
| 2-butenal
| 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
| Acrolein
| Acrylamide
| Acrylonitrile
| Anabasine
| anatabine
| Benzene
| Carbon Disulfide
| Cyanides
| Dimethylformamide
| ethylbenzene
| Ethylene Oxide
| Nicotine
| N'-nitrosoanabasine
| N'-nitrosoanatabine
| propylene oxide
| Styrene
| Vinyl Chloride
| Xylenes
|
Study subjects |
United Kingdom |
saliva | urine |
1,3-butadiene
| 2-amino-delta(2)-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid
| 2-butenal
| 2-methylhippuric acid
| 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butan-1-ol
| Acrolein
| Acrylamide
| Acrylonitrile
| Anabasine
| anatabine
| Benzene
| Cotinine
| cotinine-N-oxide
| Dimethylformamide
| Hippurates
| hydroxycotinine
| mandelic acid
| muconic acid
| N-acetyl-S-(2-carbamoyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine
| nicotine 1-N-oxide
| Nicotine
| N'-nitrosoanabasine
| N'-nitrosoanatabine
| norcotinine
| nornicotine
| phenylglyoxylic acid
| propylene oxide
| raphanusamic acid
| S-(3-hydroxypropyl)cysteine N-acetate
| Styrene
|
Details
|
|
| 7. |
Goniewicz ML, et al. (2017).
|
|
This study showed for the first time that after switching from tobacco to e-cigarettes, nicotine exposure remains unchanged, while exposure to selected carcinogens and toxicants is substantially reduced. |
tobacco |
1,3-butadiene
| 2-butenal
| 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
| Acrolein
| Acrylamide
| Acrylonitrile
| Benzene
| Carbon Monoxide
| Ethylene Oxide
| fluorene
| naphthalene
| Nicotine
| phenanthrene
| propylene oxide
| pyrene
|
Study subjects |
Poland |
urine |
1-hydroxyphenanthrene
| 1-hydroxypyrene
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| 2-naphthol
| 3-hydroxy-1-methylpropylmercapturic acid
| 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butan-1-ol
| Acetylcysteine
| Carbon Monoxide
| Cotinine
| cotinine-N-oxide
| fluorene
| hydroxycotinine
| N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxyethyl)cysteine
| nicotine 1-N-oxide
| Nicotine
| norcotinine
| nornicotine
| phenanthrene
| S-phenyl-N-acetylcysteine
|
Details
|
|
| 8. |
Kponee KZ, et al. (2018).
|
|
In this pilot study, we measured indoor volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations in the indoor air of 20 households in Ogale, an Ogoniland community whose groundwater system is contaminated with benzene at levels 900 times the World Health Organization guidelines and evaluated self-reported health conditions and predicted cancer risks and hazards from inhalation exposure to VOCs. |
|
1,4-dioxane
| 2,5-dimethylfuran
| 2-xylene
| 3-xylene
| 4-cymene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| 4-xylene
| Benzene
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| cumene
| ethylbenzene
| hemimellitene
| Limonene
| mesitylene
| naphthalene
| n-propylbenzene
| pseudocumene
| sec-butylbenzene
| Styrene
| Toluene
| Xylenes
|
Study subjects |
Nigeria |
air |
1,4-dioxane
| 2,5-dimethylfuran
| 2-xylene
| 3-xylene
| 4-cymene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| 4-xylene
| Benzene
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| cumene
| ethylbenzene
| hemimellitene
| Limonene
| mesitylene
| naphthalene
| n-propylbenzene
| pseudocumene
| sec-butylbenzene
| Styrene
| Toluene
| Xylenes
|
Details
|
Neoplasms
|
| 9. |
Kalkbrenner AE, et al. (2018).
|
Autism Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) |
Some air toxics were associated with autism spectrum disorder risk and severity, including some traffic-related air pollutants and newly-reported associations, but other previously reported associations with metals and volatile organic compounds were not reproducible. |
|
1,4-dioxane
| 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| benzidine
| bromoform
| Carbon Disulfide
| chlorobenzene
| Dibenzofurans
| methyl tert-butyl ether
| propionaldehyde
| Urethane
|
Subjects with disease:Autism Spectrum Disorder
|
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Autism Spectrum Disorder
|
| 10. |
Aszyk J, et al. (2017).
|
|
A gas chromatography-electron ionization-mass spectometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 46 commonly used flavour additives in e-liquids. |
|
1-hexanol
| 3,4-dihydrocoumarin
| 3-hexen-1-ol
| 4-Butyrolactone
| alpha-terpineol
| anisyl acetate
| benzaldehyde
| benzyl acetate
| Benzyl Alcohol
| citronellol
| decan-4-olide
| decanaldehyde
| ethyl hexanoate
| Eugenol
| Furaldehyde
| furfuryl alcohol
| isoamyl acetate
| Limonene
| linalyl acetate
| methyl acetate
| n-pentanol
| raspberry ketone
|
|
Poland |
e-cigarette, liquid |
1-hexanol
| 3,4-dihydrocoumarin
| 3-hexen-1-ol
| 4-Butyrolactone
| alpha-terpineol
| anisyl acetate
| benzaldehyde
| benzyl acetate
| Benzyl Alcohol
| citronellol
| decan-4-olide
| decanaldehyde
| ethyl hexanoate
| Eugenol
| Furaldehyde
| furfuryl alcohol
| isoamyl acetate
| Limonene
| linalyl acetate
| methyl acetate
| n-pentanol
| raspberry ketone
|
Details
|
|
| 11. |
Woodruff TJ, et al. (2011).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
Our analysis of the NHANES pregnancy data shows ubiquitous exposure to multiple chemicals during a sensitive period of fetal development. |
|
1-hydroxypyrene
| 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabrominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2-naphthol
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Benzene
| bisphenol A
| Cadmium
| Cotinine
| DDT
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| diethyl phosphate
| dimethyl phosphate
| fluoren-9-ol
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Lead
| Mercury
| methyl tert-butyl ether
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorothionate
| oxybenzone
| PCB 180
| perchlorate
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| thiophosphoric acid
| Toluene
| Triclosan
|
Pregnant females | Study subjects |
United States |
blood | serum | urine |
1-hydroxypyrene
| 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabrominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2-naphthol
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Benzene
| bisphenol A
| Cadmium
| Cotinine
| DDT
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| diethyl phosphate
| dimethyl phosphate
| fluoren-9-ol
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Lead
| Mercury
| methyl tert-butyl ether
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorothionate
| oxybenzone
| PCB 180
| perchlorate
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| thiophosphoric acid
| Toluene
| Triclosan
|
Details
|
|
| 12. |
Johnson NM, et al. (2010).
|
|
Findings suggest that the incidence and level of aflatoxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure was less than that observed in a high-risk population; however, participants consuming higher amounts of foods prone to aflatoxin contamination may be more vulnerable to exposure and interactions with other environmental/biological factors (i.e., hepatitis C virus). |
diet |
1-hydroxypyrene
| Aflatoxin M1
|
Study subjects |
United States |
urine |
1-hydroxypyrene
| Aflatoxin M1
|
Details
|
|
| 13. |
Meeker JD, et al. (2004).
|
|
In the present study we found associations between urinary metabolites of contemporary-use insecticides and decreased sperm concentration and motility in humans. |
|
1-naphthol
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
| Insecticides
|
Subjects with disease:Infertility, Male
|
United States |
semen | urine |
1-naphthol
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
|
Details
|
Infertility, Male
| spermatogenesis
| sperm motility
|
| 14. |
Ayotte P, et al. (2005).
|
|
In summary, we found no relation between biomarkers of organochlorine exposure and markers of hepatic enzyme induction in this highly exposed group of fish eaters from the Lower North Shore of the St. Lawrence River. Our results suggest that smoking induces liver CYP1A2 activity, which in turn alters porphyrin metabolism and increases the biotransformation of mono-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls. |
tobacco |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| Mirex
| nonachlor
| oxychlordane
| PCB 180
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Study subjects |
Canada |
plasma | urine |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Coproporphyrins
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Glucaric Acid
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| Mirex
| nonachlor
| oxychlordane
| PCB 180
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Uroporphyrins
|
Details
|
enzyme activator activity
|
| 15. |
Patel CJ, et al. (2012).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
We screened for correlation between environmental factors and lipid levels, utilizing four independent surveys with information on 188 environmental factors from the Centers of Disease Control, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, collected between 1999 and 2006. |
age | body mass index | race | sex | socioeconomic status |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| alpha-Tocopherol
| Ascorbic Acid
| beta Carotene
| Cotinine
| Cryptoxanthins
| Fluorenes
| Folic Acid
| gamma-Tocopherol
| Heptachlor Epoxide
| Iron
| Lycopene
| Mercury
| nonachlor
| oxychlordane
| retinol palmitate
| retinyl stearate
| Vitamin A
| Vitamin D
|
Study subjects |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
cholesterol metabolic process
| triglyceride metabolic process
|
| 16. |
Robinson O, et al. (2015).
|
INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Project |
In summary, the correlation analysis presented here of multiple environmental exposures among pregnant women provide a first picture of the structure of the exposome during the crucial in utero period. |
|
2,2',3,4,4',5',6-heptabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Antimony
| Arsenic
| Benzene
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| bisphenol A
| Cadmium
| Cesium
| Chloroform
| Cobalt
| Copper
| Cotinine
| decabromobiphenyl ether
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153
| hexabromodiphenyl ether 154
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Lead
| Mercury
| Molybdenum
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate
| mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| monoethyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| Nickel
| Nitric Oxide
| Nitrogen Dioxide
| Nitrogen Oxides
| Particulate Matter
| PCB 180
| pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100
| pentabromodiphenyl ether
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Pesticides
| Phthalic Acids
| Selenium
| Thallium
| Tobacco Smoke Pollution
| Trihalomethanes
| Zinc
|
Pregnant females |
Spain |
air | blood, cord | colostrum | serum | urine | water |
2,2',3,4,4',5',6-heptabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Antimony
| Arsenic
| Benzene
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| bisphenol A
| Cadmium
| Cesium
| Chloroform
| Cobalt
| Copper
| Cotinine
| decabromobiphenyl ether
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153
| hexabromodiphenyl ether 154
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Lead
| Mercury
| Molybdenum
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate
| mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| monoethyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| Nickel
| Nitric Oxide
| Nitrogen Dioxide
| Nitrogen Oxides
| Particulate Matter
| PCB 180
| pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100
| pentabromodiphenyl ether
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Pesticides
| Phthalic Acids
| Selenium
| Thallium
| Tobacco Smoke Pollution
| Trihalomethanes
| Zinc
|
Details
|
|
| 17. |
Dallaire R, et al. (2009).
|
|
Exposure to several polyhalogenated compounds was associated with modifications of the thyroid parameters in adult Inuit, mainly by reducing total triiodothyronine and thyroxine-binding globulin circulating concentrations. |
|
2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Dioxins
| Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| PCB 180
| Pentachlorophenol
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| Polybrominated Biphenyls
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Selenium
|
Study subjects |
Canada |
blood | plasma | serum |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Dioxins
| hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153
| Hexachlorobenzene
| PCB 180
| Pentachlorophenol
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Selenium
| SERPINA7
| Thyroxine
| Triiodothyronine
| TSHB
|
Details
|
regulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion
| thyroid hormone metabolic process
|
| 18. |
Arcury TA, et al. (2007).
|
|
In this investigation we documented the pesticide urinary metabolite levels of farmworker children in North Carolina, determined the number of different metabolites detected for each child, and delineated risk factors associated with the number of metabolites. |
|
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 3-phenoxybenzoic acid
| acetochlor
| Atrazine
| Chlorpyrifos
| Coumaphos
| DEET
| Diazinon
| isazophos
| Malathion
| metolachlor
| Parathion
| pirimiphos methyl
|
Children |
United States |
urine |
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 3-phenoxybenzoic acid
| acetochlor
| Atrazine
| Chlorpyrifos
| Coumaphos
| DEET
| Diazinon
| isazophos
| Malathion
| metolachlor
| Parathion
| pirimiphos methyl
|
Details
|
|
| 19. |
Bakke B, et al. (2009).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
We measured the exposure to atrazine and selected non-persistent pesticides among corn farmers during a growing season; urinary atrazine mercapturate levels in farmers were largely driven by recent application of atrazine; therefore, the amount of atrazine applied is likely to provide valid surrogates of atrazine exposure in epidemiologic studies. |
|
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| acetochlor
| Atrazine
| Chlorpyrifos
| Coumaphos
| Diazinon
| Malathion
| Methyl Parathion
| metolachlor
| pirimiphos methyl
| Pyrethrins
|
Workers |
United States |
urine |
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
| 3-phenoxybenzoic acid
| acetochlor mercapturate
| atrazine mercapturate
| chlorferron
| Diazinon
| Malathion
| Methyl Parathion
| metolachlor
| pirimiphos methyl
|
Details
|
|
| 20. |
Goldner WS, et al. (2010).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
These data support a role of organochlorines, in addition to fungicides, in the etiology of thyroid disease among female spouses enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study. |
|
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| alachlor
| Aldrin
| Atrazine
| Benomyl
| butylate
| Captan
| Carbaryl
| Carbon Disulfide
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chlordan
| chlorimuron ethyl
| Chlorpyrifos
| cyanazine
| DDT
| Diazinon
| Dicamba
| Dichlorvos
| EPTC
| Fonofos
| Fungicides, Industrial
| glyphosate
| Heptachlor
| Hexachlorocyclohexane
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| imazethapyr
| Insecticides
| Malathion
| mancozeb
| Maneb
| metalaxyl
| methyl bromide
| metolachlor
| metribuzin
| Paraquat
| Parathion
| pendimethalin
| Petroleum
| terbufos
| tetrachloroisophthalonitrile
| Trifluralin
|
Study subjects |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
| Hyperthyroidism
| Hypothyroidism
|
| 21. |
Waggoner JK, et al. (2013).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
In this large cohort of male farmers, pesticide use, in addition to farm machinery use, was associated with fatal injury. |
|
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| alachlor
| butylate
| Carbon Disulfide
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| cyanazine
| metribuzin
| Paraquat
| Ziram
|
Workers |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Death
|
| 22. |
Saldana TM, et al. (2007).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
These findings suggest that activities involving exposure to agricultural pesticides during the first trimester of pregnancy may increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. |
|
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| Atrazine
| butylate
| Carbofuran
| Diazinon
| fenoprop
| Pesticides
| Phorate
|
Mothers |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
| Diabetes, Gestational
|
| 23. |
Kamel F, et al. (2007).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
This study suggests that exposure to certain pesticides may increase Parkinson's disease risk. |
|
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| Benomyl
| butylate
| Carbon Disulfide
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| cyanazine
| Dicamba
| Ethylene Dibromide
| Hexachlorocyclohexane
| mancozeb
| Maneb
| methyl bromide
| Paraquat
| pendimethalin
| Pesticides
| Phorate
| tetrachloroisophthalonitrile
|
Study subjects | Workers |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
| Parkinson Disease
|
| 24. |
Hoppin JA, et al. (2007).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
These results provide preliminary evidence that pesticide use may increase chronic bronchitis prevalence. |
|
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| Carbaryl
| Carbofuran
| chlorimuron ethyl
| DDT
| Diazinon
| Dichlorvos
| fenoprop
| Heptachlor
| Malathion
| Permethrin
|
Workers |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
| Bronchitis, Chronic
|
| 25. |
Carreón T, et al. (2005).
|
Upper Midwest Health Study (UMHS) |
Results show that exposure to pesticides was not associated with an increased risk of intracranial gliomas in women. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide
| alachlor
| Aniline Compounds
| Arsenicals
| Atrazine
| bentazone
| Benzoic Acid
| Carbamates
| cyanazine
| DDT
| Diazinon
| Dicamba
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| imazethapyr
| Inorganic Chemicals
| Malathion
| metolachlor
| Organophosphates
| pendimethalin
| Pesticides
| Triazines
| Trifluralin
|
Controls for disease:Glioma
| Subjects with disease:Glioma
|
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Glioma
|
| 26. |
Munger R, et al. (1997).
|
|
We conclude that communities in southern Iowa with drinking water supplies contaminated with herbicides have elevated rates of intrauterine growth retardation compared to neighboring communities with different water supplies. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2-xylene
| 3-xylene
| 4-xylene
| alachlor
| Atrazine
| bromodichloromethane
| bromoform
| chlorodibromomethane
| Chloroform
| cyanazine
| metolachlor
| tetrachloroethane
|
Pregnant females |
United States |
water, drinking |
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2-xylene
| alachlor
| Atrazine
| bromodichloromethane
| bromoform
| chlorodibromomethane
| Chloroform
| cyanazine
| metolachlor
| tetrachloroethane
| Xylenes
|
Details
|
Fetal Growth Retardation
|
| 27. |
Swan SH, et al. (2003).
|
Study for Future Families (SFF) |
This is the first population-based study to demonstrate links between specific biomarkers of environmental exposures and biomarkers of male reproduction in humans. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| acetochlor
| alachlor
| Atrazine
| DEET
| Diazinon
| Malathion
| metolachlor
|
Controls for disease:Infertility, Male
| Subjects with disease:Infertility, Male
| Study subjects |
United States |
semen |
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| acetochlor
| alachlor
| Atrazine
| DEET
| Diazinon
| Malathion
| metolachlor
|
Details
|
Infertility, Male
|
| 28. |
Hoppin JA, et al. (2017).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
We evaluated the association of currently used pesticides with allergic and non-allergic wheeze among male farmers, and our results implicate several pesticides that are commonly used in agricultural and residential settings with adverse respiratory effects. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| acetochlor
| Atrazine
| bentazone
| Carbaryl
| Chlorpyrifos
| clomazone
| clopyralid
| cyfluthrin
| Dicamba
| Dimethoate
| Disulfoton
| fenoxaprop ethyl
| fluazifop-butyl
| glyphosate
| Herbicides
| imazaquin
| Insecticides
| Malathion
| mesotrione
| metolachlor
| N-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-5-methyl(1,2,4)-triazol(1,5-a)pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide
| nicosulfuron
| Permethrin
| Petroleum
| Picloram
| Pyrethrins
| Rodenticides
| Simazine
| triclopyr
| Trifluralin
| Warfarin
|
Workers |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Respiratory Sounds
| Rhinitis, Allergic
|
| 29. |
Hoppin JA, et al. (2002).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
Prevalence of wheeze was associated with individual pesticides independent of animals, crops, and grains. |
disease |
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| alachlor
| Aldicarb
| aluminum phosphide
| Atrazine
| Benomyl
| butylate
| Captan
| Carbaryl
| Carbofuran
| chlorimuron ethyl
| Chlorpyrifos
| Coumaphos
| cyanazine
| Diazinon
| Dicamba
| Dichlorvos
| EPTC
| Fonofos
| glyphosate
| Hexachlorocyclohexane
| imazethapyr
| Malathion
| Maneb
| metalaxyl
| metolachlor
| metribuzin
| Paraquat
| Parathion
| pendimethalin
| Permethrin
| Petroleum
| Phorate
| terbufos
| tetrachloroisophthalonitrile
| Trichlorfon
| Trifluralin
| Ziram
|
Subjects with disease:Asthma
| Subjects with disease:Ige Responsiveness, Atopic
| Workers |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
| Respiratory Sounds
|
| 30. |
Hoppin JA, et al. (2008).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
These findings suggest that pesticides may contribute to atopic asthma, but not nonatopic asthma, among farm women. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| Carbamates
| Carbaryl
| Coumaphos
| DDT
| glyphosate
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| Malathion
| metalaxyl
| Organophosphates
| Parathion
| Permethrin
| Pesticides
| Phorate
|
Study subjects |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
| Asthma
|
| 31. |
Thomas KW, et al. (2010).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
This study provides information on pesticide exposures and possible exposure determinants for several application methods commonly used by farmers and will provide information to assess and refine exposure classification; results may also be of use in pesticide safety education for reducing exposures to pesticide applicators. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| Chlorpyrifos
|
Workers |
United States |
air, personal | body region | hand | urine |
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
| Chlorpyrifos
|
Details
|
|
| 32. |
Thomas KW, et al. (2010).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
This study provides a direct assessment of the intensity score algorithm within the Agricultural Health Study cohort for several application methods. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| Chlorpyrifos
|
Workers |
United States |
urine |
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
|
Details
|
|
| 33. |
Coble J, et al. (2011).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
Revised weighting factors in a pesticide exposure intensity algorithm were developed for use in epidemiologic analyses for the Agricultural Health Study by using exposure monitoring data from two monitoring substudies in combination with the world's exposure literature and Pesticide Handlers Exposure Database. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| Chlorpyrifos
|
Workers |
United States |
urine |
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
|
Details
|
|
| 34. |
Mandel JS, et al. (2005).
|
|
The results of the study showed that exposure to farm family members can be quantified using biological markers of exposure and the exposure was variable by chemical largely, though not exclusively, determined by the degree of direct contact with the application process. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| Chlorpyrifos
| Herbicides
|
Children | Study subjects | Workers |
United States |
urine |
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
| Herbicides
|
Details
|
|
| 35. |
Aszyk J, et al. (2017).
|
|
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization methods were developed for the simultaneous determination of 42 flavouring compounds and nicotine in liquids for e-cigarettes. |
|
2,5-dimethylpyrazine
| 2,6-lutidine
| 2-acetylpyrrole
| 5-methyl-2-furfural
| benzyl acetate
| cyclotene
| diethyl succinate
| ethyl acetoacetate
| ethyl lactate
| ethyl maltol
| ethyl vanillin
| furaneol
| gamma-valerolactone
| linalool
| maltol
| Menthol
| menthone
| methyl cinnamate
| methylheptenone
| methyl salicylate
| Nicotine
| pyridine
| tetramethylpyrazine
| vanillin
|
|
Poland |
e-cigarette |
2,5-dimethylpyrazine
| 2,6-lutidine
| 2-acetylpyrrole
| 5-methyl-2-furfural
| benzyl acetate
| cyclotene
| diethyl succinate
| ethyl acetoacetate
| ethyl lactate
| ethyl maltol
| ethyl vanillin
| furaneol
| gamma-valerolactone
| linalool
| maltol
| Menthol
| menthone
| methyl cinnamate
| methylheptenone
| methyl salicylate
| Nicotine
| pyridine
| tetramethylpyrazine
| vanillin
|
Details
|
|
| 36. |
Kim D, et al. (2013).
|
|
Among 21 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, N-acetyltransferases and UDP-glucuronide transferases investigated in this study, genotypic groups of CYP1A1/T6235C (MSP I) and CYP1A2/-2467delT showed significant differences in 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine excretion (P < 0.05). |
genetics |
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine
|
Study subjects |
Korea, Republic of |
urine |
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine
|
Details
|
|
| 37. |
Le NT, et al. (2016).
|
Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) | Nurses' Health Study (NHS) |
Results from these two large prospective cohort studies do not support the hypothesis that higher intake of heterocyclic amine intake per se substantially increases risk of colorectal cancer. However, we observed positive association between 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo pyridine from red meat, but not from white meat, and proximal colon cancers. |
|
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine
|
Workers |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Colorectal Neoplasms
|
| 38. |
Farsalinos KE, et al. (2015).
|
|
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nicotine delivery potential of a new-generation electronic cigarette (EC) device in a group of smokers with no previous experience in EC use compared to a group of experienced vapers, and to examine the association between nicotine absorption and puffing topography. |
tobacco |
2-butenal
| 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
| Acetaldehyde
| Aldehydes
| Arsenic
| Chromium
| Diacetyl
| diethylene glycol
| Formaldehyde
| Glycerol
| Lead
| Metals, Heavy
| Nickel
| Nicotine
| Nitrosamines
| N'-nitrosonornicotine
| Propylene Glycol
|
Study subjects |
Greece |
e-cigarette, liquid | plasma |
2-butenal
| 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
| Acetaldehyde
| Aldehydes
| Arsenic
| Chromium
| Diacetyl
| diethylene glycol
| Formaldehyde
| Glycerol
| Lead
| Metals, Heavy
| Nickel
| Nicotine
| Nitrosamines
| N'-nitrosonornicotine
| Propylene Glycol
|
Details
|
|
| 39. |
Bitzer ZT, et al. (2018).
|
|
In this study, we examined free radical, nicotine, and carbonyl delivery from the standardized research e-cigarette (SREC), Blu and Vuse under different puffing parameters to capture the likely changes across different user behaviors. |
|
2-butenal
| Acetaldehyde
| Acetone
| Acrolein
| Formaldehyde
| Free Radicals
| methylethyl ketone
| Nicotine
| propionaldehyde
|
|
United States |
e-cigarette, vapor |
2-butenal
| Acetaldehyde
| Acetone
| Acrolein
| Formaldehyde
| Free Radicals
| methylethyl ketone
| Nicotine
| propionaldehyde
|
Details
|
|
| 40. |
Beard JD, et al. (2013).
|
Agricultural Health Study (AHS) |
Our study adds further evidence that high level pesticide exposure, such as pesticide poisoning, is associated with increased risk of depression and sets a lower bound on the level of exposure related to depression, thereby providing reassurance that the moderate levels of pesticide exposure experienced by farmers' wives likely do not increase risk. |
age | tobacco |
2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide
| Carbamates
| Herbicides
| metalaxyl
| Permethrin
| Pesticides
| Triazines
|
Study subjects |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Agricultural Workers' Diseases
| Depressive Disorder
|
| 41. |
Lu C, et al. (2006).
|
|
We were able to demonstrate that an organic diet provides a dramatic and immediate protective effect against exposures to organophosphorus pesticides that are commonly used in agricultural production. |
diet |
2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
| chlorferron
| Malathion
| pirimiphos methyl
|
Children |
United States |
urine |
2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
| chlorferron
| Malathion
| pirimiphos methyl
|
Details
|
|
| 42. |
Mitro SD, et al. (2016).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
Our analysis shows that exposure to non-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls and toxic equivalency was associated with increased leukocyte telomere length in our study population of U.S. adults, contributing population-level findings to the evidence that exposure to environmental contaminants may influence telomere regulation. |
race |
3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| Dioxins
| Furans
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Controls for disease:Neoplasms
| Subjects with disease:Neoplasms
| Study subjects |
United States |
serum |
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Details
|
regulation of telomere maintenance
|
| 43. |
Fortenberry GZ, et al. (2014).
|
Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between in utero exposure to chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and/or 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY) and ADHD in school-age Mexican children using TCPY as a biomarker of exposure. |
sex |
3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
| Chlorpyrifos
| chlorpyrifos-methyl
| Lead
|
Children | Pregnant females |
Mexico |
blood | urine |
3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol
| Lead
|
Details
|
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
| behavior
| cognition
|
| 44. |
Smarr MM, et al. (2017).
|
Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment Study (LIFE) |
Higher quartiles of preconception urinary concentrations of methyl paraben and ethyl paraben among female partners were associated with reduced couple fecundity in partner-specific and couple-based exposure models. |
sex |
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
| Anti-Infective Agents
| benzylparaben
| butylparaben
| ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
| heptylparaben
| methylparaben
| Parabens
| propylparaben
| protocatechuic acid
| triclocarban
| Triclosan
|
Study subjects |
United States |
urine |
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
| benzylparaben
| butylparaben
| Creatinine
| ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
| heptylparaben
| methylparaben
| propylparaben
| protocatechuic acid
| triclocarban
| Triclosan
|
Details
|
Infertility, Female
| reproductive process
|
| 45. |
Farsalinos KE, et al. (2015).
|
|
In this study, electronic cigarette liquids were evaluated for the presence of selected tobacco-derived chemicals. |
|
4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
| Acetaldehyde
| Formaldehyde
| Nicotine
| Nitrates
| Nitrosamines
| N'-nitrosonornicotine
| Phenols
|
|
Greece|United States |
cigarette | e-cigarette, liquid |
4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
| Acetaldehyde
| Formaldehyde
| Nicotine
| Nitrates
| Nitrosamines
| N'-nitrosonornicotine
| Phenols
|
Details
|
|
| 46. |
Dodson RE, et al. (2012).
|
|
Common products contain complex mixtures of Endocrine-disrupting compounds and asthma-related compounds. |
|
4-nonylphenol
| 4-tert-octylphenol
| benzophenone
| benzyl acetate
| bisphenol A
| butylbenzyl phthalate
| butylparaben
| decamethylcyclopentasiloxane
| Dibutyl Phthalate
| dicyclohexyl phthalate
| diethanolamine
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| diethyl phthalate
| diisobutyl phthalate
| diisononyl phthalate
| di-n-hexyl phthalate
| di-n-octyl phthalate
| di-n-propylphthalate
| Ethanolamine
| ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
| Eugenol
| galaxolide
| Limonene
| linalool
| methyleugenol
| methylionone
| methylparaben
| methyl salicylate
| musk ketone
| musk xylene
| n-butoxyethanol
| octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
| octylmethoxycinnamate
| oxybenzone
| phenoxyethanol
| Phenyl Ethers
| Phenylethyl Alcohol
| pichtosin
| triclocarban
| Triclosan
|
|
United States |
air freshener | air freshener, car | baking soda | bar soap | body lotion | body wash | Borax | car interior cleaner | carpet cleaner | cat litter | conditioner | deodorant | diaper | dish liquid | dishwasher detergent | dryer sheet | fabric refresher | facial cleanser | facial lotion | floor cleaner | foundation | fragrance or perfume | glass cleaner | hair gel | hair spray or mousse or gel | hand sanitizer | hand soap | laundry bleach | laundry detergent | lip balm | lipstick | mascara | nail polish | pillow protector | polish or wax | scrubbing powder | shampoo | shaving cream | shower curtain, vinyl | stain remover | sunscreen | sunscreen composite | surface cleaner | toilet bowl cleaner | toothpaste | tub and tile cleaner | wet mop |
4-nonylphenol
| 4-tert-octylphenol
| benzophenone
| benzyl acetate
| bisphenol A
| butylbenzyl phthalate
| butylparaben
| decamethylcyclopentasiloxane
| Dibutyl Phthalate
| dicyclohexyl phthalate
| diethanolamine
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| diethyl phthalate
| diisobutyl phthalate
| diisononyl phthalate
| di-n-hexyl phthalate
| di-n-octyl phthalate
| di-n-propylphthalate
| Ethanolamine
| ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
| Eugenol
| galaxolide
| Limonene
| linalool
| methyleugenol
| methylionone
| methylparaben
| methyl salicylate
| musk ketone
| musk xylene
| n-butoxyethanol
| octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane
| octylmethoxycinnamate
| oxybenzone
| phenoxyethanol
| Phenyl Ethers
| Phenylethyl Alcohol
| pichtosin
| triclocarban
| Triclosan
|
Details
|
|
| 47. |
Adad LM, et al. (2015).
|
|
In this study, we determined the mutagenic and cell death potential of pesticides through the increased frequency of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities in exposed individuals |
|
abamectin
| copper oxychloride
| Dimethoate
| glyphosate
| Methyl Parathion
| Triazines
|
Workers |
Brazil |
|
|
Details
|
cholinesterase activity
| cytokinetic process
| lipid metabolic process
| micronucleus organization
| nuclear fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change
|
| 48. |
Reilly SM, et al. (2018).
|
|
In conclusion, this brief report demonstrates the relative oxidant and nicotine levels produced by the Juul product as well as characterizes the propylene glycol: glycerol and nicotine content in the e-liquid itself. |
|
Acetaldehyde
| Acetone
| Formaldehyde
| Nicotine
| propionaldehyde
|
|
United States |
e-cigarette, liquid |
Acetaldehyde
| Acetone
| Formaldehyde
| Nicotine
| propionaldehyde
|
Details
|
|
| 49. |
Tayyarah R, et al. (2014).
|
|
The purpose of this study was to determine content and delivery of e-cigarette ingredients and to compare e-cigarette aerosol to conventional cigarettes with respect to select harmful and potentially harmful constituents for which conventional cigarette smoke is routinely tested. |
tobacco |
Acetaldehyde
| Acrolein
| Carbon Monoxide
| Particulate Matter
| Phenol
| Phenols
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| propionaldehyde
| Volatile Organic Compounds
|
|
United States |
air | e-cigarette, vapor |
Acetaldehyde
| Acrolein
| Carbon Monoxide
| Nicotine
| Phenol
| Phenols
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| propionaldehyde
| Volatile Organic Compounds
|
Details
|
|
| 50. |
Ueyama J, et al. (2014).
|
|
In this study, we developed and validated a rapid and sensitive method for quantifying urinary neonicotinoid (NEO) concentrations using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). |
|
acetamiprid
| clothianidin
| dinotefuran
| imidacloprid
| nitenpyram
| thiacloprid
| Thiamethoxam
|
Study subjects |
Japan |
urine |
acetamiprid
| clothianidin
| dinotefuran
| imidacloprid
| nitenpyram
| thiacloprid
| Thiamethoxam
|
Details
|
|
Illuminating how chemicals affect human health.
Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring