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Disease Urologic Diseases

These are exposure studies associated with the disease and all of its children.

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1–50 of 54 results.
  Reference Associated Study Title Author's Summary Study Factors Stressor Receptors Country Medium Exposure Marker Measurements Outcome
1. Godduhn A, et al. (2013). Northway Health Study (NHS) The NHS found complex patterns of association between reported resource uses and cancer and thyroid-, reproductive-, metabolic-, and cardiac problems. 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid | Chlorine | Pesticides | Petroleum | Vehicle Emissions Study subjects United States Details Cardiovascular Diseases | Neoplasms | Thyroid Diseases | Urologic Diseases
2. Huang CY, et al. (2012). Higher urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, a marker of DNA damage) in an area without obvious arsenic exposure was a strong predictor of renal cell carcinoma; urinary 8-OHdG was significantly related to urinary total arsenic, and high levels of 8-OHdG combined with arsenic might be indicative of arsenic-induced renal cell carcinoma. 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine | Arsenic Controls for disease:Carcinoma, Renal Cell | Subjects with disease:Carcinoma, Renal Cell Taiwan, Province of China urine 8-oxo-7-hydrodeoxyguanosine | Arsenicals Details Carcinoma, Renal Cell
3. Lebov JF, et al. (2016). Agricultural Health Study (AHS) In this study of male pesticide applicators, risk of end-stage renal disease increased with increasing cumulative exposure to several pesticides, including the herbicides alachlor, metolachlor, paraquat and pendimethalin, and the insecticide permethrin. alachlor | Aldicarb | Atrazine | Chlordan | Coumaphos | imazethapyr | metalaxyl | metolachlor | Paraquat | Parathion | pendimethalin | Permethrin | Petroleum | Phorate Workers United States Details Kidney Failure, Chronic
4. Rango T, et al. (2015). This study explored the concentrations of inorganic contaminants in drinking water sources from chronic kidney disease of unknown origin (CKDu) endemic and nonendemic areas, and we were unable to establish a clear link between nephrotoxic contaminant levels and the presence of CKDu. Aluminum | Arsenic | Barium | Beryllium | Boron | Cadmium | Calcium | Chlorine | Chromium | Cobalt | Copper | Fluorine | Lead | Lithium | Magnesium | Manganese | Molybdenum | Nickel | Rubidium | Seaborgium | Silver | Strontium | Thallium | Thorium | Uranium | Zinc Controls for disease:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic | Subjects with disease:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic | Study subjects Sri Lanka urine Aluminum | Arsenic | Barium | Beryllium | Boron | Cadmium | Calcium | Chlorine | Chromium | Cobalt | Copper | Fluorine | Lead | Lithium | Magnesium | Manganese | Molybdenum | Nickel | Rubidium | Seaborgium | Silver | Strontium | Thallium | Thorium | Uranium | Zinc Details
5. Jelaković B, et al. (2012). In summary, we provide molecular epidemiologic evidence that supports strongly the hypothesis that, in genetically susceptible individuals, dietary exposure to aristolochic acid is causally related to endemic (Balkan) nephropathy and to the carcinomas of the upper urinary tract associated with this disease. diet aristolochic acid I Subjects with disease:Balkan Nephropathy | Subjects with disease:Urologic Neoplasms Bosnia and Herzegovina|Croatia|
Serbia		 TP53 Details Balkan Nephropathy | Urologic Neoplasms
6. Beebe-Dimmer JL, et al. (2012). Genetic variations in AS3MT are associated with bladder cancer among those exposed to relatively low concentrations of inorganic arsenic from drinking water. diet | genetics Arsenic Subjects with gene influence:AS3MT | Controls for disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | Subjects with disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms United States water, drinking Arsenic Details Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
7. Smith AH, et al. (2012). Taking together our findings in the present study and previous evidence of increased mortality from other causes of death, we conclude that arsenic in Antofagasta drinking water has resulted in the greatest increases in mortality in adults < 50 years of age ever associated with early-life environmental exposure. Arsenic Study subjects Chile Details Cardiovascular Diseases | Death | Female Urogenital Diseases | Kidney Diseases | Laryngeal Neoplasms | Liver Neoplasms | Male Urogenital Diseases | Neoplasms | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
8. Michaud DS, et al. (2004). Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study (ATBC) In summary, we observed no association between low-level arsenic exposure and bladder cancer risk in a Finnish population followed up for as long as 14 years. Arsenic Controls for disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | Subjects with disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Finland nail Arsenic Details Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
9. Yuan Y, et al. (2007). We conclude that the major impact of arsenic in drinking water on circulatory disease involves acute myocardial infarction and that, in the initial years, it is the main cause of death from arsenic in drinking water, superseded in later years by excess mortality from lung and bladder cancer. Arsenic Study subjects Chile water Arsenic Details Lung Neoplasms | Myocardial Infarction | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
10. Bates MN, et al. (2004). This study suggests lower bladder cancer risks for arsenic than predicted from other studies but adds to evidence that the latency for arsenic-induced bladder cancers may be longer than previously thought. tobacco Arsenic Controls for disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | Subjects with disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Argentina water Arsenic Details Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
11. Steinmaus C, et al. (2014). Lung and bladder cancer incidence in adults was markedly increased following exposure to arsenic in early life, even up to 40 years after high exposures ceased. Arsenic Controls for disease:Lung Neoplasms | Subjects with disease:Lung Neoplasms | Controls for disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | Subjects with disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Chile water, drinking Arsenic Details Lung Neoplasms | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
12. Smith AH, et al. (1998). In conclusion, markedly increased cancer risks have been found in this study in Chile to be associated with arsenic in drinking water. Arsenic Study subjects Chile water, drinking Arsenic Details Death | Kidney Neoplasms | Lung Neoplasms | Skin Neoplasms | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
13. Oberoi S, et al. (2014). We estimated that worldwide each year additional cases of bladder cancer (9,129-119,176), lung cancer (11,844-121,442), and skin cancer (10,729-110,015) are attributable to inorganic arsenic in food. diet Arsenic Study subjects Afghanistan|Albania|
Algeria|Angola|
Antigua and Barbuda|Argentina|
Armenia|Australia|
Austria|Azerbaijan|
Bahamas|Bangladesh|
Barbados|Belarus|
Belgium|Belize|
Benin|Bolivia, Plurinational State of|
Bosnia and Herzegovina|Botswana|
Brazil|Brunei Darussalam|
Bulgaria|Burkina Faso|
Burundi|Cambodia|
Cameroon|Canada|
Cape Verde|Central African Republic|
Chad|Chile|
China|Colombia|
Comoros|Congo, the Democratic Republic of the|
Costa Rica|Cote d'Ivoire|
Croatia|Cuba|
Cyprus|Czech Republic|
Denmark|Djibouti|
Dominica|Dominican Republic|
Ecuador|Egypt|
El Salvador|Eritrea|
Estonia|Ethiopia|
Fiji|Finland|
France|French Polynesia|
Gabon|Gambia|
Georgia|Germany|
Ghana|Greece|
Grenada|Guatemala|
Guinea|Guinea-Bissau|
Guyana|Haiti|
Honduras|Hungary|
Iceland|India|
Indonesia|Iran, Islamic Republic of|
Iraq|Ireland|
Israel|Italy|
Jamaica|Japan|
Jordan|Kazakhstan|
Kenya|Kiribati|
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of|Korea, Republic of|
Kuwait|Lao People's Democratic Republic|
Latvia|Lebanon|
Lesotho|Liberia|
Libya|Lithuania|
Luxembourg|Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of|
Madagascar|Malawi|
Malaysia|Maldives|
Mali|Malta|
Mauritania|Mauritius|
Mexico|Moldova, Republic of|
Mongolia|Montenegro|
Morocco|Mozambique|
Myanmar|Namibia|
Nepal|Netherlands|
New Caledonia|New Zealand|
Nicaragua|Niger|
Nigeria|Norway|
Pakistan|Panama|
Papua New Guinea|Paraguay|
Peru|Philippines|
Poland|Portugal|
Romania|Russian Federation|
Rwanda|Saint Kitts and Nevis|
Saint Lucia|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|
Sao Tome and Principe|Saudi Arabia|
Senegal|Serbia|
Seychelles|Sierra Leone|
Slovakia|Slovenia|
Solomon Islands|Somalia|
South Africa|Spain|
Sri Lanka|Sudan|
Suriname|Swaziland|
Sweden|Switzerland|
Syrian Arab Republic|Tajikistan|
Tanzania, United Republic of|Thailand|
Togo|Trinidad and Tobago|
Tunisia|Turkey|
Turkmenistan|Uganda|
Ukraine|United Arab Emirates|
United Kingdom|United States|
Uruguay|Uzbekistan|
Vanuatu|Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of|
Vietnam|Yemen|
Zambia|Zimbabwe		 food | rice Arsenicals | Arsenic Details Lung Neoplasms | Skin Neoplasms | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
14. Wang YH, et al. (2013). Ever smokers with high arsenic exposure had significantly increased risks for bladder cancer and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma, and our findings suggest that arsenic exposure, cigarette smoking, and risk genotypes of VEGFA contribute to a higher risk of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma than of bladder cancer. genetics | tobacco Arsenic Subjects with disease:Urologic Neoplasms | Subjects with gene influence:VEGFA Taiwan, Province of China Details Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
15. Li P, et al. (2012). Third National Death Cause Survey (NDCS) Occupational agents represent an important cause of cancer, but indoor radon plays a relatively limited role in cancer causes in China. Arsenic | Asbestos | Benzene | benzidine | Chromates | Coke | Radon | Silicon Dioxide Study subjects China Details Leukemia | Lung Neoplasms | Mesothelioma | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
16. Karmaus W, et al. (2008). The findings of this 2-year follow-up study indicate that metals and metalloids do not play a role in the etiology of Balkan Endemic Nephropathy. Against the assumption in the literature, selenium was not protective but a risk factor. Arsenic | Cadmium | Creatinine | Lead | Selenium Study subjects Bulgaria blood | serum | urine Arsenic | Cadmium | Creatinine | Lead | Selenium Details Balkan Nephropathy | creatinine homeostasis | gene expression
17. Nachman KE, et al. (2016). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Our study provides evidence that use of nitarsone in turkey production can contribute to inorganic arsenic and methylated arsenic species exposure among turkey consumers. Arsenic | nitarsone Children | Study subjects United States turkey Arsenic | Cacodylic Acid | monomethylarsonic acid | nitarsone Details Lung Neoplasms | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
18. Bove FJ, et al. (2014). We found elevated hazard ratios (with wide confidence intervals) at Camp Lejeune for causes of death from cancers of kidney, liver, esophagus, cervix, multiple myeloma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; however, because less than 6% of cohort had died, long-term follow-up is necessary to comprehensively assess effects of drinking water exposures at the base. diet Benzene | Tetrachloroethylene | Vinyl Chloride | Water Pollutants, Chemical Military personnel United States water, drinking Benzene | Tetrachloroethylene | Trichloroethylene | Vinyl Chloride Details Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | Death | Esophageal Neoplasms | Hodgkin Disease | Kidney Neoplasms | Liver Neoplasms | Multiple Myeloma | Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
19. Li M, et al. (2012). This study demonstrated that bisphenol A exposure was associated with an increased risk of low-grade albuminuria in Chinese adults. sex bisphenol A Subjects with disease:Albuminuria | Study subjects China urine bisphenol A Details Albuminuria
20. Swaddiwudhipong W, et al. (2012). Our study indicates that in persons with prolonged excessive cadmium exposure, toxic health effects may progress even after exposure reduction, and that renal damage from cadmium can be due to its direct nephrotoxic effect and also through the related disorders causing nephropathy. Cadmium Study subjects Thailand urine B2M | Cadmium Details Diabetes Mellitus | Hypertension | Kidney Diseases | Urinary Calculi | negative regulation of glomerular filtration
21. Nishijo M, et al. (2006). Renal tubular dysfunction induced by Cd affected the causes of death, and mortality for heart failure, cerebral infarction, and nephritis and nephrosis was increased among inhabitants living in a Cd polluted area in Japan. Cadmium Study subjects Japan urine B2M Details Death | Kidney Diseases
22. Arora M, et al. (2009). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) In the present study, we found that environmental Cadmium (Cd) exposure, as measured by creatinine-corrected urine Cd concentration, was associated with increased odds of prevalent periodontal disease in U.S. adults. tobacco Cadmium Controls for disease:Diabetes Mellitus | Subjects with disease:Diabetes Mellitus | Controls for disease:Periodontal Diseases | Subjects with disease:Periodontal Diseases | Controls for disease:Renal Insufficiency | Subjects with disease:Renal Insufficiency | Study subjects United States urine Cadmium Details Periodontal Diseases
23. Ferraro PM, et al. (2010). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Moderately high levels of urinary and blood Cadmium are associated with a higher proportion of chronic kidney disease and albuminuria in the United States population. Cadmium Controls for disease:Albuminuria | Subjects with disease:Albuminuria | Controls for disease:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic | Subjects with disease:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic | Study subjects United States blood | urine Cadmium Details Albuminuria | Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
24. Mortensen ME, et al. (2011). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) This report demonstrates higher levels of urine cadmium in current and former cigarette smokers, and it is the first to examine the prevalence of urine cadmium above levels associated with risks for renal effects. age | sex | tobacco Cadmium Controls for disease:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic United States urine Cadmium Details
25. Pennemans V, et al. (2011). Urinary kidney injury molecule 1 levels are positively correlated with urinary cadmium concentration in an elderly population after long-term, low-dose exposure to cadmium, while other classical markers do not show an association; therefore, urinary kidney injury molecule 1 might be considered as a biomarker for early-stage metal-induced kidney injury by cadmium. Cadmium Study subjects Belgium urine Cadmium | HAVCR1 Details Kidney Diseases
26. Liang Y, et al. (2012). Results suggest that a Cadmium-mediated increase in urinary albumin excretion is reversible upon substantial reduction of exposure. Cadmium Study subjects China blood | urine Cadmium Details Albuminuria | Kidney Diseases | renal system process
27. Maruzeni S, et al. (2014). In the Cd-exposed residents in the Jinzu River basin, the prevalence of subjects with glucoproteinuria was 4.7% in men and 6.7% in women and much higher than that in controls (0.9% in men, and 0.5% in women), suggesting that environmental Cadmium exposure increased the number of renal tubular dysfunction cases indicated by glucoproteinuria and characterized by an unfavorable long-term life prognosis. Cadmium Study subjects Japan urine Details Death | Glycosuria | Kidney Diseases
28. Swaddiwudhipong W, et al. (2015). Persons living in (cadmium) contaminated areas had a significantly higher prevalence of renal dysfunction, bone mineral loss, hypertension and urinary stones than those living in non-contaminated areas. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the prevalence of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Cadmium Study subjects Thailand urine Cadmium Details Diabetes Mellitus | Hypercholesterolemia | Hypertension | Hypertriglyceridemia | Osteoporosis | Urinary Calculi | renal system process
29. Satarug S, et al. (2017). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Using a Cadmium-toxicokinetic simulation model, we have found that current tolerable dietary intake guidelines do not contain a safety margin, given that the modeled dietary intake levels exceed the levels associated with kidney damage and many other adverse health outcomes seen in cohorts and cross-sectional studies. Cadmium Controls for disease:Breast Neoplasms | Subjects with disease:Breast Neoplasms | Study subjects Japan|United States urine Details Breast Neoplasms | Kidney Diseases | Vascular Diseases
30. Navas-Acien A, et al. (2009). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) In this large, representative sample of US adults, increased blood cadmium and lead levels were strong, independent risk factors for the prevalence of albuminuria, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and both outcomes together. Cadmium | Lead Controls for disease:Albuminuria | Subjects with disease:Albuminuria | Study subjects United States blood Cadmium | Lead Details Albuminuria | Kidney Diseases | glomerular filtration
31. Hsu CW, et al. (2015). This is the first study to show the high blood cadmium level significantly increases the risk of 36-month mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Cadmium | Lead Subjects with disease:Renal Insufficiency Taiwan, Province of China blood Cadmium | Lead Details Cardiovascular Diseases | Death
32. Buser MC, et al. (2016). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) The inverse association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and blood Cadmium (B-Cd), in conjunction with positive associations between eGFR and albumin with urinary Cadmium (U-Cd), suggest that U-Cd measurement at low levels of exposure may result from changes in renal excretion of Cd due to kidney function and protein excretion. Cadmium | Lead Study subjects United States blood | urine Details Albuminuria | glomerular filtration
33. Sommar JN, et al. (2013). Erythrocyte lead is associated with end-stage renal disease, and men carried almost all of the lead and cadmium associated risks. sex Cadmium | Lead | Mercury Controls for disease:Kidney Failure, Chronic | Subjects with disease:Kidney Failure, Chronic Sweden erythrocyte Cadmium | Lead | Mercury Details Kidney Failure, Chronic
34. Lin YS, et al. (2014). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Our results suggest that low serum zinc concentrations are associated with an increased risk of cadmium nephrotoxicity; elevated blood cadmium was also associated with several demographic characteristics (age, sex, body mass index, race/ethnicity, hypertension, and smoking status). age | body mass index | disease | race | sex | tobacco Cadmium | Zinc Controls for disease:Albuminuria | Subjects with disease:Albuminuria | Controls for phenotype:negative regulation of glomerular filtration | Subjects with phenotype:negative regulation of glomerular filtration | Study subjects United States blood Cadmium | Zinc Details
35. Jones RR, et al. (2015). Agricultural Health Study (AHS) Our updated evaluation of diazinon provides additional evidence of an association with lung cancer risk; newly identified links to kidney cancer and associations with aggressive prostate cancer require further evaluation. Diazinon Workers United States Details Agricultural Workers' Diseases | Kidney Neoplasms | Lung Neoplasms | Prostatic Neoplasms
36. Hodgson S, et al. (2004). There is a significant excess of kidney disease and kidney disease mortality in people living near to several polluting sources in Runcorn. Environmental Pollutants Study subjects United Kingdom Details Death | Nephritis | Nephrosis | Nephrotic Syndrome
37. Gensburg LJ, et al. (2009). Although the incidence of total cancers and most site-specific cancers among the Love Canal residents from 1979 to 1996 were similar to that for the general population, we observed elevations of bladder and kidney cancers. Hazardous Waste Study subjects United States Details Kidney Neoplasms | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
38. Staples B, et al. (2003). This longitudinal study has shown that about half of the adults exposed to hexachlorobutadiene showed evidence of a subclinical proximal tubular effect. Similarly, about a quarter of adults displayed a distal tubular effect. hexachlorobutadiene Study subjects United Kingdom Details Kidney Diseases | Proteinuria | gene expression
39. Laurin LP, et al. (2014). In our population of sickle cell patients, those using hydroxyurea were less than one-third as likely to exhibit albuminuria. Hydroxyurea Subjects with disease:Anemia, Sickle Cell United States Hydroxyurea Details Albuminuria
40. Koutros S, et al. (2009). Agricultural Health Study (AHS) Significant excess risks of bladder and colon cancers were observed in the Agricultural Health Study among applicators exposed to the heterocyclic aromatic amine herbicide imazethapyr. imazethapyr Workers United States Details Agricultural Workers' Diseases | Colonic Neoplasms | Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
41. Cooney MA, et al. (2007). The study confirms earlier reports of a slightly increased risk for Wilms tumor among those exposed to residential insecticides during pregnancy through early childhood. Insecticides Infants or newborns | Controls for disease:Wilms Tumor | Subjects with disease:Wilms Tumor Canada|United States Details Wilms Tumor
42. Liao LM, et al. (2016). Shanghai Men's Health Study (SMHS) | Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS) In conclusion, our findings, though limited by small numbers of cases, suggest that lead exposure is associated with an increased risk of several cancers, in particular, meningioma, brain cancer, and kidney cancer. Lead Study subjects China Lead Details Brain Neoplasms | Kidney Neoplasms | Lung Neoplasms | Meningioma | Stomach Neoplasms
43. Hodgson S, et al. (2007). These findings suggest that exposure to mercury is a possible cause of the excess kidney disease mortality and a health legacy of the historically high levels of industrial activity in Runcorn, North West England. Mercury Study subjects United Kingdom air, ambient Mercury Details Kidney Diseases
44. Jones RR, et al. (2016). Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS) Long-term ingestion of elevated nitrate in drinking water was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer among postmenopausal women, including current smokers. diet | tobacco Nitrates Study subjects United States water, drinking Details Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
45. Lin JH, et al. (2015). The present retrospective observational study indicates high environmental nitrogen dioxide exposure is a significant predictor of 2-year mortality in nonsmoking patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis after adjusting for age, leukocytes, normalized protein nitrogen appearance, and high cardiothoracic ratio. Nitrogen Dioxide | Particulate Matter | Sulfur Dioxide Subjects with disease:Kidney Failure, Chronic Taiwan, Province of China air Nitrogen Dioxide | Particulate Matter | Sulfur Dioxide Details Death
46. Yang YR, et al. (2016). New Taipei City Health Screening Program Exposure during the previous year to particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter <10 microns and PMCoarse, but not fine particles (PM2.5) or PM2.5Absorbance, was associated with reduced renal function among Taiwanese adults. Particulate Matter Study subjects Taiwan, Province of China Particulate Matter Details Renal Insufficiency, Chronic | glomerular filtration
47. Abid A, et al. (2016). We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to assess the association between these 2 polymorphisms (GSTM1, GSTT1) and the risk of renal cell carcinoma. genetics Pesticides Subjects with gene influence:GSTM1 | Subjects with gene influence:GSTT1 Czech Republic|Poland|
Romania|Russian Federation		 Details Carcinoma, Renal Cell
48. Matic MG, et al. (2014). In association with occupational exposure, low activity glutathione S-transferase A1 and glutathione S-transferase M1-null as well as glutathione S-transferase T1-active genotypes increase individual susceptibility to bladder cancer. genetics | tobacco Pesticides | Solvents Subjects with gene influence:GSTA1 | Subjects with gene influence:GSTM1 | Subjects with gene influence:GSTP1 | Subjects with gene influence:GSTT1 | Study subjects | Controls for disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | Subjects with disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Serbia Details Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
49. Ma J, et al. (2009). Our results support the hypothesis that living near a dry cleaning facility using perchloroethylene increases the risk of exposure and of developing kidney cancer. Tetrachloroethylene Study subjects United States Tetrachloroethylene Details Kidney Neoplasms
50. Wilhelm-Benartzi CS, et al. (2011). Exposures to secondhand smoke in adulthood, childhood, occupationally, and in total are each significantly associated with changes in DNA methylation of several CpG loci in bladder tumors, adding biological plausibility to secondhand smoke as a risk factor for bladder cancer. tobacco Tobacco Smoke Pollution Subjects with disease:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms United States Details Urinary Bladder Neoplasms | DNA methylation on cytosine within a CG sequence
1–50 of 54 results.
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